2026年09月托福機經真題考情回顧

Shadow puppetry is an ancient form of storytelling that uses flat, articulated figures cast onto a screen by a light source. Shadow puppetry comb_ _ _ _ visual arti_ _ _ _ with dram_ _ _ _ narration, crea_ _ _ _ engaging perfor_ _ _ _ _ _ that con_ _ _ traditional ta_ _ _ and mo_ _ _ lessons. Th_ _ art fo_ _ originated in Asia and spread to various cultures around the world. The puppets are typically made of leather or paper and manipulated by sticks or strings. Performers narrate stories, often accompanied by music or sound effects.

B. 分析：

這類題目作答時，要同時運用文法與上下文來完成每個單字。文中第二句提到 Shadow puppetry（皮影戲）同時包含 visual（視覺的）與 narration（口語敘事）兩個層面，且出現介系詞 with，可推測是表達將 兩件事情連結，搭配單數主詞 Shadow puppetry，因此填入第三人稱單數動詞 combines（結合）；形容詞 visual 後面需要一個名詞，從第一句提到的 articulated figures（可活動的人偶）與 light source（光影投射）等視覺工藝，加上第三句明確指出 art（藝術），可知這裡指的是視覺上的藝術（artistry）。名詞 narration 前應為形容詞，結合前文提及皮影戲是一種 storytelling（說故事）的藝術，這類表演會強調具有情節張力與感染力的敘事風格，因此填入 dramatic（戲劇性的）。由於第二句開頭已包含完整的主要子句（主詞+動詞+受詞），逗點後需要接代表動作的現在分詞（V-ing），來補充說明這個動作所帶來的結果；在文意上，這接續了前文將 visual（視覺）與 narration（口語敘述）結合後所產生的影響，說明這兩者的融合會「產出/創造」藝術成品，因此填入分詞 creating。形容詞 engaging（吸引人的）通常會組成「形容詞+名詞」的搭配，結合前文提到的 storytelling 與 dramatic narration，可推測這裡指的是觀眾所欣賞的「演出/表演」，因此填入名詞 performances。用來修飾 performances 的關係代名詞 that 在子句中擔任主詞，後方須接搭配複數主詞的原形動詞，表達與後方 lessons（教訓）之間的關係，由於表演能將教訓「傳遞」給觀眾，因此填入動詞 convey；形容詞 traditional（傳統的）通常會修飾名詞，結合整篇 storytelling 的主題，可知這裡指的表演傳遞的內容為傳統的「故事/傳說」，由於需要與後方的 lessons 形成平行搭配，因此填入複數名詞 tales；名詞 lessons 前面會使用形容詞來修飾，由前後文「傳統故事（tales）」與「教訓（lessons）」的搭配，可推知這裡指的是故事背後所蘊含「道德的」教訓，故填入 moral。下一句，在主要動詞 originated（起源於）出現之前，可以看到名詞 art（藝術），名詞前方需要限定詞來修飾；結合前後文意，這裡是用來指稱前一句 Shadow puppetry 這項傳統藝術，因此填入指示形容詞 This（這項）。由於 This art 後面緊接著動詞，因此動詞前還需要一個名詞與 art 組成常見的名詞搭配，並且能完整地表達 Shadow puppetry 屬於何種藝術類別；由於 art form（藝術形式）是常見的英語搭配，故填入名詞 form。作答時，不要只依賴題目已經提供的字母，也要確認補完整的單字是否符合整句的文法、語意以及常見搭配。

Attention!

Elevator maintenance will take place on June 10 from 9:00 A.M. to 3:00 P.M. Please use the stairs during this time, follow posted signs about the temporary closure, and allow extra time for your commute. We apologize for any inconvenience.

For questions, contact the building management office at 555-0198.

A. Students at a university

B. Guests at a hotel

C. Residents of an apartment building

D. Shoppers at a supermarket

C. 分析：

作答這類推論題時，應使用文章中的關鍵細節與關鍵字進行邏輯推導。文章提到電梯維護（elevator maintenance）期間請使用樓梯（stairs），並在結尾指示若有疑問可聯繫大樓管理處（building management office），由此可知這是一份針對大樓住戶的公告，與選項 C「公寓大樓住戶」直接對應。選項 A 不正確，因為文中未出現學生或學術單位的相關詞彙。選項 B 與 D 不合理，因為這裡並非飯店住客或超市顧客的公告。

Linguistic Structural Diversity

Linguistic typology investigates structural features across languages, revealing both universal patterns and language-specific variation. A central area of study is word order—the arrangement of subjects, verbs, and objects. English follows a subject-verb-object (SVO) pattern, while Japanese uses subject-object-verb (SOV). Most languages conform to a limited set of dominant word orders, which may reflect cognitive efficiency: Placing the subject first helps listeners quickly identify the sentence’s main actor, aiding comprehension.

Beyond syntax, languages differ in morphological complexity—the degree to which inflection (such as noun or verb endings) marks grammatical relationships. Turkish uses extensive inflection to express subtle distinctions, whereas Mandarin Chinese relies more on word order and context. These contrasts suggest that languages balance morphology and syntax based on communicative needs. Highly inflected languages can afford flexible word order because grammatical roles are marked morphologically. In contrast, languages with minimal inflection often depend on fixed word order to maintain clarity.

[A] This trade-off reflects deeper functional pressures. [B] Languages evolve not randomly but in response to cognitive constraints and social factors, including contact with other languages and cultural shifts. [C] Studying this evolution helps linguists understand not only how languages differ but why certain grammatical strategies emerge and persist across communities. [D]

A. It has revealed both diversity and universality among structural linguistic features.

B. It includes the study of word order as a means of aiding comprehension.

C. It identifies three basic structural patterns across all languages.

D. It examines differences in morphological complexity among languages.

C. 分析：

對於此類錯誤資訊題，應將各選項與文章內容進行逐一比對，找出何者未被提及或與文意不符。選項 C 為正確答案，因為文章僅提及大多數語言符合「一組有限的主要語序（a limited set of dominant word orders）」，並未指出明確「劃分出三種基本結構模式（identifies three basic structural patterns）」，屬於文章未提及的敘述。選項 A 對應到文章第一段「語言類型學探討各語言間的結構特徵，既揭示了普遍規律，也展現各語言特有的變化（Linguistic typology investigates structural features across languages, revealing both universal patterns and language-specific variation.）；選項 B 可對應第一段說明語序研究（word order）可幫助聽者理解（aiding comprehension）；選項 D 則對應第二段明確指出語言在構詞複雜度（morphological complexity）上有所不同，因此皆不符合選出「未提及資訊」的要求。

A. I don’t know how much it costs.

B. I’ll check my notes from yesterday.

C. I’ll keep you updated.

D. Yes, the lab has some new equipment.

B. 分析：

作答這類題目時，先判斷問題的目的與答題重點。「如果實驗室有空出來的話，可以通知我嗎？」為請求告知狀態的疑問句，因此選項 C「我會隨時讓你知道最新情況」回應對方的要求並延續了對話，故為正確答案。選項 A「我不知道要花多少錢」、選項 B「我會確認一下我昨天的筆記」皆與查詢空間狀態不符；選項 D「是的，實驗室有一些新設備」，答非所問，誤將重點放在設備。

Narrator: Listen to a conversation.

Woman: Mark, you’re part of the basketball club, right? At the recreation center?

Man: Yes, I’m playing this semester.

Woman: How is it?

Man: Honestly, way more intense than I expected.

Woman: Hmm, that’s surprising. I thought it’d be casual, just some pickup games for fun.

Man: But people were running set plays, arguing over fouls, It felt like I was playing in a league for professionals.

Woman: Wow, so are you going to stick with it?

Man: I just wanted to have fun, not feel like every game is for the championship. I’m going to look into other options.

A. The club is poorly organized.

B. Games are held at more than one location.

C. His team will probably win the championship.

D. Players treat the games as serious competition.

C. 分析：

針對這類推論題，要理解對話中明確陳述的具體資訊並進行合理推導。當男子描述籃球社團的情況時，關鍵句是 But people were running set plays, arguing over fouls, It felt like I was playing in a league for professionals.（但大家都在執行戰術、為了犯規爭論不休，感覺就像在打職業聯盟賽一樣。）以及 not feel like every game is for the championship（不想感覺每場比賽都像是在打冠軍賽）。說明社員們對比賽極為投入且非常認真看待輸贏，這直接證實了選項 D 是正確答案。文中提及大家執行戰術與為了犯規爭論不休，代表社團運作有序、注重規範，而非組織不良，故排除選項 A。文中僅提及在休閒中心（recreation center），未提及多個地點（more than one location），因此選項 B 不正確。男子提及冠軍賽只是用來形容比賽氣氛過於嚴肅，並非指他的隊伍會贏得冠軍（win the championship），所以選項 C 也不正確。

Narrator: Listen to an announcement in a classroom.

I want to announce some changes to our class schedule for the new semester starting in January. Based on the results of the student survey you took last month, our class will begin at 9:30 a.m. instead of 10 a.m. and each class session will be extended to 90 minutes instead of just an hour. Additionally, a lab session will be scheduled on Fridays from 2 p.m. to 4 p.m. to provide hands-on experience related to the course material. I’m pleased that these changes were approved.

A. To welcome new students

B. To share schedule changes

C. To describe the topics of this week’s lessons

D. To provide instructions for an assignment

C. 分析：

作答這類主旨題時，應注意要掌握公告的整體主要目的，而非僅關注次要細節。在這段通知中，講者指出要宣布新學期課程時間的調整，並隨後詳細說明上課時間提早、每堂課時間延長以及新增週五實作課等具體安排。這些細節整體而言都是為了說明時間表上的異動，選項 B 的 schedule changes（時間表變動）對應了主要內容，因此是正確答案。講者並未提及歡迎新學生，故選項 A 不正確。此通知並未說明本週上課的主題（topics of this week’s lessons），因此排除選項 C。最後，雖然通知中提到增加實作課，但並未提供作業的指導說明（instructions for an assignment），故選項 D 不正確。

Narrator: Listen to a talk in a biology class.

Professor:

We’ve been talking about the iconic North American monarch butterflies. Many monarch butterflies migrate annually between the northern United States, where they spend summer, and Mexico, where they spend winter.

Previously, however, researchers could only guess at some details of monarch butterfly migrations. They knew where the butterflies started and ended their journey, but not what happened in between.

Now, with the help of new tracking devices, scientists can track precise routes, including stopover points and even detours. This level of detail could reveal how climate patterns and habitat loss affect migration’s success.

Early data have already revealed surprises. For example, some monarch butterflies take far longer pauses than we ever imagined. Specifically, several butterflies that were tagged with the tracking devices in Kansas lingered for nearly two weeks in central Texas before continuing southward. These extended stopovers may help butterflies refuel and recover energy, reshaping how conservationists think about preserving habitats along the migration corridor.

The technology isn’t without challenges, however. The tracking devices depend on sunlight for power, so dense cloud cover along migration routes can limit data collection. Despite these and other hurdles, the knowledge gained would be vital for saving one of nature’s most iconic creatures.

A. To reverse habitat loss along monarch butterfly migration routes

B. To help butterfly researchers share data

C. To track the movements of monarch butterflies

D. To identify the breeding grounds monarch butterflies use

C. 分析：

目的題評估學生是否能理解演講者提到特定事物時的主要目的。演講中，教授指出過去研究人員只能猜測帝王斑蝶（monarch butterflies）遷徙過程中的細節，而現在藉由新型追蹤裝置（new tracking devices）的協助，科學家能夠「追蹤精確的路線，包括中途停留點，甚至是繞行路線（track precise routes, including stopover points and even detours）」。這明確說明了該裝置的主要目的是用來「追蹤帝王斑蝶的移動路徑」，因此選項 C 為正確答案。選項 A 將裝置目的誤導為逆轉棲地喪失（reverse habitat loss），但文中僅說明追蹤資料僅能重塑保育人士對保護棲地的思考方式（reshaping how conservationists think about preserving habitats）；選項 B 提到協助研究人員共享資料（share data），文中並未提及此功能；選項 D 討論確認繁殖地（identify the breeding grounds），但教授指出過去早已知道斑蝶遷徙的起點與終點（knew where the butterflies started and ended their journey），新型裝置的重點在於追蹤移動路線與停留點。

What kind of books does he write?

______ mainly writes ______ ______ ______ ______.

human relationships / he / that / explore / novels

B. 分析：

回答這類題目時，在排列單字前，應先找出句子的基本結構，即主詞、動詞和受詞。首先，觀察題目的動詞組合「mainly writes」，前面需要一個主詞；結合題目的問題「What kind of books does he write?」，可知主詞應選擇「he」。及物動詞 writes 後面需要接名詞作為受詞。雖然選項中有「novels」與「human relationships」兩個名詞，但搭配「novels」才符合邏輯，因此完成主要子句「He mainly writes novels」。剩餘的選項中，關係代名詞「that」用來接在名詞「novels」後面引導形容詞子句，並在子句中擔任主詞；因為被修飾的名詞「novels」為複數，所以後面接動詞「explore」；最後再加上受詞「human relationships」，組合成「that explore human relationships」。由此可知答案句的句構為：主詞+副詞+動詞+受詞+形容詞子句。因此正確的順序為：「He mainly writes novels that explore human relationships.」

You are a student who recently applied for a summer internship at a company. You have received an email from the personnel manager, Mr. Davis, asking you to provide additional documents and information to complete your application.

Write an email to Mr. Davis. In your email, do the following:

• Thank him for considering your application.
• Explain what interests you most about the job for which you are applying.
• List the additional documents and information you are sending.

Write as much as you can and in complete sentences.

To: Mr. Davis

Subject: Summer Internship Application

Dear Mr. Davis,

B. 分析：

針對這項寫作任務，首先要確保電子郵件涵蓋三項必備要點：1. 感謝 Davis 先生考慮你的實習申請、2. 說明該實習機會最吸引你的地方，以及 3. 列出隨信附上的補充文件與資料。清楚的內容組織方式是針對每個要點各寫一個簡短的段落。首先，向 Davis 先生表達謝意，感謝他審閱你的申請並給予進一步評估的機會。接著，闡述對該職位感興趣的主要原因，例如公司在該領域的創新專案、實務學習機會或企業文化，展現你對該職位的熱忱與了解。最後，明確列出本次信件隨附的補充文件（如成績單、推薦信或作品集），並確認資料皆已齊備。請使用完整的句子、友善的語氣，以及標準的電子郵件格式。

Dr. Achebe:

Let’s continue talking about consumer behavior. We have been discussing different ways people go about choosing what products to buy, and there are many potential sources of information and advice for consumers. In your opinion, which is the better strategy for making purchasing decisions, relying on advice from friends and family, or depending on information from online sources? Why?

Claire:

Asking friends and family members for product recommendations might seem like an easier option, but it might take too much time to get all the information you need. An internet search would be much more efficient. There are many consumer magazines available online that compile lots of data to compare the advantages and disadvantages of one product versus another.

Paul:

The last time I bought a computer, I just watched a few videos online to make a decision, and now I regret that. My friends could have advised me better because they know my preferences and the kind of features that I am interested in. Consumers should get advice from the people around them to find the most suitable products.

B. 分析：

在學術討論題中，先清楚表明自己的立場，再用具體理由和例子支持自己的觀點。不需要針對教授提問中的每個要點逐一討論，而是選擇一個主要觀點並加以充分闡述。簡單回應其他學生的觀點也很有幫助，例如：「我同意 Claire 支持網路搜尋的看法；不過除了她提到的效率與資料比較外，我認為網路最大的好處在於能查到『專業機構與評測團隊的客觀測試報告』。親友的建議往往帶有個人偏好，但專業評測能提供標準化的數據，幫助我們做出更客觀的判斷。」接著提出新的觀點，而非單純重複學生說過的內容。清楚的結構應為：你的觀點 → 理由 → 例子 → 與題目內容的關聯。針對主題，你可以專注於網路資訊的即時性與多樣性、親友建議的客觀性與信任度，或是個人消費習慣等面向。寫作時使用自己的話表達，避免直接抄襲題目中的句子，並確保回答至少有 100 字。

• The library books are located here.
• Study rooms can be reserved for group work.
• Our computer lab has work stations with Internet access.
• Seek help at the reference desk for any research assistance.
• Find tasty refreshments and healthy snacks at the basement cafe.
• For your convenience, we have a map with a list of sections and resources.
• If you have general or specific questions, our staff are here to meet your needs.

B. 分析：

聆聽複誦時，應著重於語意、重音字及自然節奏，而不是把每個字分開來唸。可以先聽較短的語塊，例如「located here」、「for group work」、「with Internet access」、「at the reference desk」以及「to meet your needs」。像「library」、「books」、「reserved」、「computer lab」、「work stations」、「refreshments」、「snacks」、「basement」和「convenience」、等這類實詞通常會唸重音。相反地，「can」、「be」、「for」、「with」、「at」、「the」和「of」等功能詞通常讀得較弱。也要留意單字之間的連音與節奏，例如「reserved for」、「Internet access」與「seek help」。複誦時，應模仿說話者的速度、停頓與語調，而不是逐字唸出。如果句子較長，可以先拆成幾個短語練習，再把整句流暢地說出來。

B. 分析：

這類面試訪談題目的邏輯脈絡清晰，從個人經驗與興趣，逐步延伸至假設性體驗、自身文化認同以及宏觀社會意義。為了讓回答生動且具說服力，應以具體例子來佐證每個論點。關於問題 1，分享文化節慶（cultural festivals）經驗或意願時，應著重於特定的文化元素，如傳統美食或音樂表演，清晰表達吸引你的具體原因。關於問題 2，說明假設性的節慶體驗時，著重於實際的活動參與，例如品嚐特色小吃、觀賞民俗舞蹈或體驗手工藝製作，展現探索異國文化的熱忱。關於問題 3，談及推廣自身文化時，應明確選擇具代表性的在地文化特色，如節慶美食、傳統工藝或特色習俗，並說明背後的關鍵精神與價值，讓聽者能深刻體會該文化的獨特性。關於問題 4，評估文化節慶的作用時，應展現清晰的邏輯推理；無論是主張節慶主要提供大眾娛樂（fun），還是強調其在文化傳承（keep traditions alive）與凝聚社區上的重要價值，只要結構嚴謹並有明確實例支持，就會比提出空泛或沒有明確立場的回答更具說服力。