2026年9月【雅思正式考題回顧】寫作「疾病與醫療」題目解析

Paul: Environmental Health Department, Paul speaking.

Mrs. Shefford: Oh, hello. I wanted to report a vehicle that’s been left parked near where I live. I think it’s been abandoned. I wondered if the Council could arrange to get it towed away. Have I got through to the right department?

Paul: Yes, you have. If I could just take a few details, your name, please.

Mrs. Shefford: Mrs Shefford.

Paul: Thank you.

Mrs. Shefford: It’s not my vehicle, though. I just thought someone ought to report it.

Paul: No, that’s fine. What I need to do is take some details first, then we can decide what to do about the problem.

Mrs. Shefford: Oh, I see.

Paul: So the next thing I need to know is your address.

Mrs. Shefford: Right, it’s 41…Lower Green Street.

Paul: Yes.

Mrs. Shefford: and the postcode’s WH4 5JP.

Paul: Fine. And if I could just ask for a telephone number.

Mrs. Shefford: 01778552387. I’m out quite a lot, but you can just leave a message on the answer phone if you need to, or I could give you my mobile number.

Environmental Health Department

Address: 41 1. __________________ Green St Barrowdale

Postcode: WH4 5JP

Telephone: 2. __________________

分析：

這類題目主要考學生能否準確捕捉對話中的具體事實細節，例如街道名稱與電話號碼。正確答案分別為「1. Lower」與「2. 01778552387」。聽力過程中，學生應特別注意所需填入的詞性與格式。例如：第 1 題在號碼 41 與街道名稱 Green St 之間，需要填入一個表示道路專有名詞的形容詞或名稱；第 2 題則需要一組電話號碼作為聯絡方式。聽力過程中，學生應特別注意訊息的對應與數字聽寫。在第 1 題中，當對方詢問地址時，音檔明確說明為「41…Lower Green Street」；第 2 題中，當對方詢問電話號碼時，音檔直接指出「01778552387」，雖然隨後提及「out quite a lot（經常不在家）」等補充說明，但並未更改號碼。在準備此類題型時，學生應多加練習預測詞性與細節比對，並在寫下答案前，確認完整的資訊內容。

Welcome to all of you. Can everybody see and hear me? Good. I’m Sarah Connor, an HR representative of Earn and Learn. I have been asked today to talk to you about our company. So for those of you who don’t know very much about the company, let me start by giving you some basic information about it.

Earn and Learn started nearly 20 years ago. It is not a charity, but a for-profit company that enables promising entrepreneurs to make money while traveling. During the past ten years, it has grown rapidly and has gained great influence in most countries of the world. We have a partnership with the school and take a large number of recent graduates from the business school.

1 The programme is designed for travellers to make __________________

2 The programme operates in cooperation with the local government __________________

分析：

這類題目主要測驗學生能否找出具體細節、辨識同義改寫與文法結構。聽力開始前，學生應先閱讀題幹，並找出「programme」、「travellers」、「operates in cooperation with」以及「local government」等關鍵詞。第 1 題中，音檔提到該計畫「enables promising entrepreneurs to make money while traveling（讓有潛力的創業家能在旅行時賺錢）」，其中「enables…to make」對應題幹的「designed for travellers to make」，因此正確答案為「money」。第 2 題中，音檔指出「We have a partnership with the school（我們與學校有合作關係）」，其中「have a partnership with」對應題幹的「operates in cooperation with」，因此正確答案為「school」。準備這類題目時，學生應特別注意同義替換（例如：「enables…to make」＝「designed for…to make」、「have a partnership with」＝「operates in cooperation with」），並在填答後檢查文法與字數限制。

Woman: Hi, Nathan, shall we compare ideas for our assignment on market research?

Nathan: Good idea.

Woman: So first in the assignment, I think we should explain what market research is. One definition I found was this: gathering information about consumers’ needs and preferences.

Nathan: I like that. Nice and clear. So then, we need to establish the benefits of market research. Why do it? I read that many business people think it’s about finding the next market they can exploit, but it’s more complex than that.

Woman: I agree. To me, it’s about unpredictability. Markets can change unexpectedly, but if you’ve done research, you can minimise the chance that something will go wrong in your own business.

Nathan: That’s a really significant point. You may also learn the most effective means of promoting your business.

Woman: But that depends on the business. It’s not a general advantage.

Nathan: No, you’re right. But I do think the sums you invest in market research, you’ll see a return on that eventually.

Woman: That’s it exactly. Great point. The trouble is too many of those working in business take a short-term view.

A Selecting the best advertising

B Reducing the levels of risks

C Building confidence among employees

D Saving money in the long run

E Identifying new opportunities

分析：

這類題目主要測驗學生能否找出具體細節，並區分正確的關鍵細節與干擾資訊。聽力開始前，學生應先閱讀題幹與選項，並找出「two most important benefits」、「market research」、「reducing risks」、「saving money」以及「advertising」等關鍵詞。正確答案一為 B：「降低風險程度」，關鍵在於音檔中提到「minimise the chance that something will go wrong（降低營運出錯的機率）」；正確答案二為 D：「長遠來看節省開銷」，音檔中提到「the sums you invest…you’ll see a return on that eventually（投注的資金最終會獲得回報）」，以及女子對此表示贊同「That’s it exactly」，並指出企業不該「take a short-term view（眼光短淺）」，說明長遠來看（long-term）能回收資金並節省成本。其餘選項皆為干擾項：A 錯誤，因為音檔指出找出最有效的推廣方式（most effective means of promoting your business）取決於具體企業（depends on the business），並非普遍適用於所有企業的主要好處；C 錯誤，因為音檔完全未提及建立員工信心（building confidence among employees）；E 錯誤，因為音檔指出尋找新市場（finding the next market they can exploit）只是許多人的想法，實際情況更複雜（more complex than that），因此並非主要優勢。準備這類題目時，學生應特別注意同義替換（例如：「minimise…go wrong」=「Reducing risks」、「see a return on investment」=「Saving money in the long run」），以及判斷對話雙方是否達成共識。

Today, we are going to look at how the phenomenon known as gamification has really exploded in recent years. So, what exactly is gamification? It has been defined as the use of games thinking and mechanics in non-game situations, such as for business. Up to now, its most common function has been marketing. It is extremely popular with big companies, but as we’ll see, it also has many other uses.

Gamification techniques work on our natural desire for competition. One way they do this is by providing a reward, for example, badges or points, or providing a type of virtual currency. But don’t be fooled into thinking the concept is a novel one. Just think of the frequent flyer incentive schemes that were initiated by airlines to try and retain customers.

Gamification

What is it?

• The use of gaming techniques in non-game situations
• In business, it is frequently used for 1. __________________
• Uses people’s desire to win a reward
• Not a new idea, e.g. incentive schemes were first used by 2. __________________

分析：

這類筆記填空題主要測驗學生能否從音檔中辨識關鍵資訊、同義改寫與文法線索。第 1 題中，空格位於「In business, it is frequently used for」之後，需要一個名詞來補全商業應用的領域；音檔提到遊戲化在商業中最常見的功能為行銷（Up to now, its most common function has been marketing），因此正確答案為「marketing」。第 2 題的空格位於「incentive schemes were first used by」之後，需要一個名詞代表最早採用獎勵計劃的業者；音檔說明常客獎勵計畫是由航空公司所發起（frequent flyer incentive schemes that were initiated by airlines），因此正確答案為「airlines」。準備這類題目時，學生應在聽力開始前先注意詞性或同義改寫，並在寫下最終答案前務必檢查字數限制。

Even as the tallest animals on Earth, giraffes can be easy to overlook. Despite being a favorite in zoos, until recently almost nobody studied giraffes in the wild. ‘When I first became interested in giraffes in 2008 and started looking through the scientific literature, I was really surprised to see how little had been done,’ said Megan Strauss, an animal researcher at the University of Minnesota, USA. All that is changing fast, as a growing number of researchers seek to understand the biology and complex behavior of this graceful giant in its native habitat.

分析：

這類 TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN 題型，應先辨識關鍵詞，例如專有名詞、時間範圍或事件先後順序，並快速瀏覽文章以尋找相應資訊。第 1 題中，文章指出「a growing number of researchers seek to understand the biology and complex behavior of this graceful giant in its native habitat（越來越多研究人員致力於了解這種優雅巨獸在其原生棲息地中的生物學特徵與複雜行為）」，這與題目聲稱關於長頸鹿在自然環境中的研究近期有所增加（has increased lately）相符，因此答案為「TRUE」。第 2 題中，文章雖提及梅根·施特勞斯（Megan Strauss）在 2008 年對長頸鹿產生興趣並投身研究，但未提及她是否反對將長頸鹿養在動物園（disapproves of keeping giraffes in zoos）。由於原文缺乏足夠資訊驗證此看法，因此答案為「NOT GIVEN」。學生必須確保題目敘述與原文相符、矛盾還是缺乏足夠資訊，切勿進行無根據的過度推論。

C Such precision farming using satellite-based intelligence is a relatively new technique. Even so, it is catching on quickly. Five years ago, for example, a French cereal-growers’ co-operative called Sevepi purchased a satellite and makes it available to its members in the form of maps of their fields, divided into three or four colour-coded zones per hectare. For each zone, the exact and best fertiliser formula is recommended. On top of this, if the amount of rain in the field has already grown quite high early in the season, and heavy showers are expected, an appropriate dose of growth regulator is recommended for each zone (as fragile stems break more easily in downpours). Then, farm vehicles equipped with global-positioning system locators automatically mix and apply the prescribed dose to each area.

D

France is the pioneer in this sort of surveillance. More farmland is analysed by satellite there than in any other country, according to Infoterra (a subsidiary of EADS Astrium), the firm that is France’s largest provider of such information, supplying data to companies such as Sevepi. Moreover, Henri Douche, head of Infoterra’s agriculture sales in Toulouse, reckons the amount of monitored farmland will increase as weather patterns change and farmers can no longer rely on the past as a guide to the future. When confounded by the yield variations that these new weather patterns will bring, even farmers who are afraid of new technology will sign up, he says.

分析：

正確答案分別為：「1. C」、「2. D」。第 1 題，C 段說明法國合作社 Sevepi 為會員提供田地地圖，並「為每個區域推薦最精準且最佳的肥料配方（For each zone, the exact and best fertiliser formula is recommended）」，這與農夫運用衛星數據決定肥料劑量（using satellite data to determine fertiliser use）的概念完全相符，因此答案為「C」。第 2 題，D 段指出隨著「氣候模式改變，農夫無法再依賴過去作為未來的指引（weather patterns change and farmers can no longer rely on the past as a guide to the future）」，並提到這些新氣候模式將帶來產量波動（yield variations），對應氣候變遷帶來的實際影響（climate change and its effects）」，因此答案為「D」。在練習資訊配對題時，學生應先找出每個敘述的主要概念，再掃讀文章尋找同義改寫，而不是只找完全相同的字詞；也要記得同一段落可能被使用超過一次。

Although not an educational reformer, Piaget championed a way of thinking about children that provided the foundation for today’s education-reform movements. It was a shift comparable to the way modern anthropology displaced stories of primitive tribes being ‘noble savages’ and ‘cannibals’. One might say that Piaget was the first to take children’s thinking seriously.

A the universality of Piaget’s insights into the workings of the mind.

B the similarity between children’s thought-processing in different cultures.

C how Piaget’s work represents a crucial turning-point in our approach to education.

D how Piaget’s work has aided our understanding of humankind’s evolution from primitive origins.

分析：

正確答案為 C：「說明皮亞傑的研究如何成為我們教育方法的關鍵轉折點」。關鍵資訊為文章提到皮亞傑倡導對兒童思考的新方式，「為當今的教育改革運動奠定了基礎（provided the foundation for today’s education-reform movements）」，緊接著引用現代人類學（modern anthropology）取代原始部落（primitive tribes）舊觀念的例子，藉以強調皮亞傑帶來的思想轉變與重大突破（It was a shift comparable to…）。其他選項都是干擾項：

A 錯誤，因為文章是指出皮亞傑提出了看待兒童思考的新思維，而非說明其心智運作洞察具有跨文化的普遍性（universality of Piaget’s insights into the workings of the mind）；B 為干擾項，因為文章是指出皮亞傑的研究引發了教育變革的觀念轉變，而非比較不同文化間兒童思維過程的相似性（similarity between children’s thought-processing in different cultures）；D 錯誤，因為引用現代人類學是作為「觀念轉變」的類比，而非說明皮亞傑的研究協助我們理解人類從原始起源演化的過程（evolution from primitive origins）。面對這類閱讀選擇題，學生應著重於作者提供特定例子的原因，而非只注意細節本身。此外，還需特別留意那些過度推論或扭曲文章內容的選項。

The graph below shows the amount of energy generated by wind in four countries in the period 1980-2000.

Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features and make comparisons where relevant.

分析：

線狀圖題主要著重於找出數據隨時間的變化趨勢、比較各項數據的軌跡，以及指出關鍵交會點或峰值。

在此題中，線狀圖顯示了 1980 年至 2000 年間，美國（USA）、丹麥（Denmark）、德國（Germany）與印度（India）四國的風力發電量（百萬瓦特）。整體而言，所有國家的風力發電量在這二十年間均呈現上升趨勢，其中美國在前期佔據主導地位，但約在 1995 年被丹麥超越，而印度的發電量也在後期快速追趕。為了有邏輯地分析細節，我們可以比較起伏趨勢、成長速度與區域差異。美國在 1980 年至 1990 年間發電量呈爆發式成長，從接近 0 增加至約 16.5 億瓦，隨後趨於平緩甚至略微下降；與此形成鮮明對比的是，丹麥與印度展現了強勁的後續成長力道，丹麥在 1990 年後大幅躍升，並於 2000 年以近 18 億瓦登上首位。德國則保持穩定但相對溫和的增長，到了 2000 年約為 9 億瓦。撰寫文章時，應以邏輯方式歸納這些關鍵特徵，指出總體趨勢、起伏轉折與關鍵對比，而非逐年列出數據。此外，也可運用精準的趨勢詞彙和比較句型，例如「experienced a dramatic surge（經歷劇烈激增）」、「surpassed（超越）」以及「remained relatively modest（保持相對溫和）」等。

Some people say that governments should spend more money on preventing illness through healthy lifestyle campaigns rather than treating it in hospitals.

To what extent do you agree or disagree?

分析：

這是一篇探討政府預算應優先投入於「宣導健康生活型態（healthy lifestyle campaigns）以預防疾病」，還是「在醫院提供疾病治療（treating）」的作文。同學應採取明確且堅定的立場，即完全贊成、完全反對或明確支持其中一方作為主要核心，並在整篇文章中始終如一地堅持這個立場。舉例來說，若選擇完全贊成或支持預防疾病（preventing illness）的角度，可強調推廣健康生活型態能從根本降低慢性病發病率，不僅減輕國家醫療體系的長期財政負擔，更能提升整體國民的生活品質與生產力；若選擇完全反對或支持治療疾病（treating illness）的角度，則可提到醫院的醫療資源是保障重症與突發疾病患者生命安全的不可或缺防線，且醫療效果更具即時性與確定性。撰寫文章時，同學應從不同角度分析議題，並以具體相關的例子來支持主要論點。採用明確的四段式架構最為合適：第一段需明確闡述議題並提出中心論點；第二段從不同層面提出第一個論點；第三段以具體例證展開第二個論點；最後一段簡潔地重申並強化整體立場。

分析：

口說第一部分考的是日常情境中的溝通能力。在回答這些關於工作或學業（Work or Study）的問題時，同學應避免回答過於簡短，或依賴事先背誦好的答案。相反地，應直接作答，並透過個人細節、理由或反思來豐富回答內容。例如，談論自己的身分（work or student）或最喜歡的部分（favorite part）時，應明確指出具體細節，如克服工作上的挑戰或順利完成小組報告，並解釋其吸引自己的原因，如完成目標帶來的成就感。對於感興趣的領域（interested in），可以說明該領域如何協助我們解決日常生活中的實際問題，或提供看待事情的新思維。談到未來的職涯規劃（job in the future）時，應表明明確的立場，並以合理的理由來支持。同學答題的時候應力求自然、流暢的表達，而非試圖背誦預先練習過的模板。

Describe an enjoyable evening you had with your friends.

You should say:

    when and where it was

    what you did

    who you spent the evening with

and explain why it was enjoyable.

分析：

同學在看到題目後會有一分鐘準備時間，且可以做筆記。作筆記時不需要寫下完整的句子，而是寫下能激發想法的關鍵字和連接詞，例如具體的時間地點、活動細節（如聚餐或敘舊）、相處對象，以及為何留下了深刻印象。使用如「a few months ago」、「catching up」和「what made the evening enjoyable」等轉折與敘述詞，有助於使結構更為清晰。此外，由於此題目涉及過去的經歷，應主要使用過去簡單式或過去完成式，如「hadn’t seen each other」，但在闡述該晚聚會帶來的感受或個人心得時，可使用現在簡單式。本題建議講約 2 分鐘，且應流暢地持續發言，直到考官示意停止為止。

分析：

這個階段的口試，需要跳脫個人經驗，探討更廣泛的公共或社會現象。回答關於家庭關係、朋友與休閒活動的問題時，同學應闡明明確立場、提供合乎邏輯的論證，並舉出具體例子。關於問題 1 與 2，同學可以說明良好的溝通如何幫助大家庭成員相處（get along），以及透過優質的相處時間來拉近家庭成員之間的關係（bring family members closer together）。關於問題 3，可以對比年輕人偏好的線上社群活動與戶外運動，以及長者偏好的休閒活動（leisure-time activities）。關於問題 4，探討人們需要朋友（need friends）的原因時，可運用清晰的轉折詞來組織回答，從情緒支持、陪伴以及建立歸屬感等層面切入，進而展現批判性思考與完善的表達能力。