口說是阻擋你拿到托福高分的一大障礙嗎?如果你想在托福口說拿到高分,一定要點進來看這篇口說教學!在托福口說的第二題,即使沒有足夠的學術知識、即使帶有一點台灣口音,只要肯練習、敢開口,文法和單字使用無誤,聽懂題目且流暢地講出重點,托福口說拿到高分絕不是夢!
眼明耳快:快速破解托福口說第二題
2019年的托福在8月改制後,最大的變革莫過於口說,原本的口說測驗共有6題,新制則刪減成4題。其中的第1題,取消了過去以敘述和說明為主的題目,原本舊制的第2題則成為新制的第1題。要特別注意的是,由於新制托福的口說只剩下4題,每一題的佔分比重相對提高,考生如何在ETS所規定的時間要求下,呈現出流暢清晰、架構清楚、思緒清明的答題內容,也就顯得非常重要。此外,8月過後的新制托福,ETS首次將電腦評分和人工評分加入托福口說計分,電腦能更精準判別考生答題的流暢度、清晰度和頓挫感。以下老師就針對新制托福口說的第2題,穩定菁英學員的軍心,用幾個簡單扼要的步驟,輕鬆帶領同學征服托福口說的第2題。
新制托福口說第二題題型概述
新制托福的第2題其實就是舊制托福的第3題,同學一樣用45秒鐘的時間閱讀一篇短文,通常是關於學校的政策,例如校方取消學校早餐的熱食、校園公車路線的更動、或者是學校的畢業典禮一定要邀請傑出的商業人士演講等。接著考生會聽到兩個學生針對學校的政策提出討論,通常其中一個學生只是應聲蟲,不斷的附和Yeah, that is right/ It seems great,重點絕對是在那個話最多、最愛發表意見的那個學生身上。而發表較多意的學生,會提出兩個論點來反對或贊成學校的政策。一般來說,持反對的論點的機率較高。
托福口說第二題範例應答指南
我們以TPO 54的第2題來做示範,看看音檔中的學生是如何反對短文中的論點。首先,閱讀的部分提出了學生從事志工的兩個優點:
“Creating a community service requirement is a good idea because it would strengthen the relationship between our school and the town. Additionally, in fulfilling the requirement, many students would discover a love of service that would inspire them to a lifetime of volunteer work in their future communities.”
考生必須明確快速的在這篇短文中抓到這兩個優點:
1. strengthen the relationship between our school and the town
2. inspire students to a lifetime of volunteer work in their future communities
在這裡注意的是,ETS要測試的是考生的校園生活聽力,所以,重點是進行聆聽音檔內容時,一定要抓到那個學生到底是就哪兩個觀點反對或贊成。並將那兩個論點記錄下來。接著,我們可以推想等一下其中一個學生,將針對閱讀的這兩點一一擊破,強烈抨擊。果然接下來在兩個學生的校園對話間,其中一個學生提出了兩點意見反駁學校的政策:
反駁觀點一:No, if anything, it’s going to hurt our relationship with our town, I mean forcing students to volunteer, it’s gonna make them see it as a chore, a nuisance, and so they are not going to put their hearts into it, which is going to make the university look bad.
反駁觀點二::The whole idea that this is going to encourage students to do more volunteering in the future is just ridiculous. A lot of students are likely to come away from the experience with negative feelings about it.
考生要能夠精確地聽到,第一點,學生如果是被強迫去做志工服務,他們並不會將心思放在上面,簡單來說,並不會認真當一回事。第二點,如果學生是在被強迫下去做志工服務,這個負面經驗,將使學生在未來更不會想從事志工方面的服務。因此在答題時,一定要提到下面這兩點:
A. Students who are forced to do community service will only see this as a chore and this requirement will never ever inspire students or even encourage them to do more community service.
B. In addition, students with negative feelings about community service are more likely to avoid engaging in future community service and doing more volunteering.
由於ETS在口說第二題上面,要求考生在一分鐘內清楚的陳述意見,所以至少以上那兩句不可以有任何的疏漏和狀況。老師建議:同學不一定要將英文講得相當快速,在英語自然流暢表達、心情放鬆之下,1分鐘其實有相當充裕的時間讓同學以精準的英文做發揮。
善用模板句型
就ETS評分觀點而言,考生必須要用一分鐘的時間,使用流暢的英文來簡要陳述剛剛學生表達過的觀點,這一個功夫也就是同學將來進入美國學院後,需要具備的summarize能力。學員們在進入美國的高等學院接受教育的同時,將會有大量的閱讀資料需要處理,美國學院除了訓練同學批判反思的能力之外,同時也會要求同學具備處理大量文獻資料的能力,因此,大家要訓練自己做筆記的功力、並且要多練習將各種主題的文章或課堂聽講的內容「換句話說」,並且用清晰的英文表達出來。要提升這樣的功力,就需要利用模板的架構反覆訓練。以下老師幫大家整理出常見的模板,我們先看看幾個答題實用句型:
A. 簡短扼要的陳述學校的政策改變:According to the announcement/letter, the university has decided to…
B. 用一句話快速帶過學校政策改變的原因: This is because/The policy change is due to….
C. 迅速地將學生反對和贊成的兩個立場帶出來:The student opposes/supports this policy change for the following reasons.
D. 第一個論點:To begin with, s/he claims that…
E. 第二個論點:In addition, s/he also contends that…..
反覆練習、掌握流暢度
記住,在口說第2題中,通常不需要具備艱難的學術背景知識,著重的是在於考生是否能聽懂美國學生在校園中發生的大小事務,並能用清楚的英語做清楚的轉述。因此,大量的做TPO考題是非常必要的,此外,也建議同學們平常一定要經常練習用英文自言自語,將說英文的頓挫感降到最低。另外也再次提醒同學,ETS並沒有要求極度繁複華麗的文字,ETS要的是第二外語學習者說英文的清晰度、流暢度、和高度的可辨識度。所以模板句型的掌握和平常聽力的訓練就相當的重要。即使你帶有一點台灣腔調的口音,只要口說句子的文法沒有錯誤,敢講,重點都有聽到,且流暢度高,依然可以在口說的部分應刃而解拿到高分。請同學跟隨菁英國際語言中心的名師的腳步,必能克奇制勝,創造巔峰。加油!
菁英線上英文課程
► https://www.language-center.com.tw/english-online/index.html
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