川普關稅被判違憲!一次學會關稅、徵收相關英文

川普關稅政策遭美國最高法院裁定違憲後,局勢瞬間翻轉。川普隨即強勢回應,將全球關稅從10%一舉調升至15%,使關稅戰火再度升溫。跟著菁英一起關注國際時事,在掌握全球貿易動態的同時,也同步學會關稅與貿易相關的英文單字與片語!

美國總統川普去年引用《國際緊急經濟權力法》(IEEPA)強徵全球關稅,日前卻遭最高法院裁定違法。原以為貿易戰將暫告一段落,不料川普迅速轉換法源,強勢將全球關稅提升至15%,並預告未來數月內將推出「全新且完全合法」的關稅制度,全球貿易戰火恐再升級!以下節錄自 CNN 報導川普提高全球關稅的最新消息,一起關注國際重大時事,掌握全球貿易局勢,同時學習相關英文單字與片語。

CNN新聞節錄:從川普加碼關稅新聞學英文

Trump announces global tariffs will increase to 15% from 10% ‘effective immediately’

President Donald Trump said on Saturday that he will increase the global tariffs he imposed a day earlier to 15% from 10% following an adverse ruling at the Supreme Court.

The court on Friday ruled that Trump exceeded his authority with the way he imposed tariffs on trading partners using the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA), a law from 1977 reserved for national emergencies.

Trump said in a Truth Social post that “effective immediately,” he would be “raising the 10% Worldwide Tariff on Countries … to the fully allowed, and legally tested, 15% level.” He added that the administration will determine and issue the new tariffs “during the next short number of months.”

After the 6-3 decision, Trump lashed out at the Supreme Court, calling the ruling “deeply disappointing” and adding that he was ashamed of the justices who ruled against his tariffs, which included his own appointees.

Trump said Friday that he would impose a 10% global tariff using presidential powers under trade law Section 122. Those tariffs were set to take effect at 12:01 a.m. ET on Tuesday.

新聞來源:CNN News

川普宣布全球關稅從10%提高至15%,立即生效

美國總統唐納・川普週六表示,在最高法院作出不利裁決後,他將把前一天宣布的全球關稅從10%提高至15%。

最高法院週五裁定,川普依據《國際緊急經濟權力法》(IEEPA)對貿易夥伴加徵關稅的方式已逾越其職權。該法律制定於1977年,原本僅適用於國家緊急狀態。

川普在 Truth Social 發文表示,「即刻生效」,他將把「對各國課徵的10%全球關稅……提高至完全合法且經過法律檢驗的15%水準」。他補充說,政府將在「接下來的幾個月內」決定並公布新的關稅措施。

在這項以6比3作出的裁決後,川普猛烈抨擊最高法院,稱該裁決「令人極度失望」,並表示對於裁定反對其關稅政策的法官感到羞愧,其中包括他自己任命的法官。

川普週五表示,他將依據貿易法第122條賦予總統的權力,實施10%的全球關稅。該關稅原訂於美東時間週二凌晨12點01分生效。

 

CNN 原句結構拆解

① Following an adverse ruling at the Supreme Court

結構解析:

  • Following = 介系詞(=after)
  • adverse ruling = 不利裁決
  • at the Supreme Court = 在最高法院(正式搭配用 at)

等於:After the Supreme Court issued an unfavorable decision…

📌 多益常考重點:

  • 分詞開頭句(Following…)
  • 名詞片語整合(adverse ruling)

② Trump exceeded his authority

  • exceed = 超出
  • authority = 權限

這是標準法律新聞句型:

A manager exceeded his authority.
The director exceeded company policy limits.

📌 多益常出「責任是否超出範圍」考題


③ Trump lashed out at the Supreme Court

  • lash out at = 猛烈抨擊
  • 比 criticize 語氣強烈

📌 新聞常見動詞片語
多益可能改寫為:

  • strongly criticized
  • expressed strong opposition to

 

多益高頻關鍵單字解析

tariff(關稅)

意思:政府對進口商品課徵的稅

例句:The new tariffs increased production costs.

多益常考「動詞搭配」常見搭配:

  • impose tariffs(加徵關稅)
  • lift tariffs(取消關稅)

impose(施加、徵收)

商業場景超常出現,意思:正式施行規定、稅、限制

例句:The government plans to impose new regulations.

  • impose a fee
  • impose a fine
  • impose restrictions

national security(國家安全)

正式商業與政治用語,意思:國家層級安全理由

新聞中常搭配:

  • cite national security
  • national security concerns

executive authority(行政權)

討論是否違法時常見用語

Critics argue the president exceeded executive authority.

exceed = 超出
authority = 權限

supply chain(供應鏈)

關稅影響什麼?

The tariffs disrupted global supply chains.

disrupt = 擾亂
global supply chain = 全球供應鏈

 

英文 中文
duty
authority 權力
trading partner 貿易夥伴
effective 有效的
take effect 生效
administration 政府
adverse 不利的
ruling 裁決
across-the-board 全面的
unaffected 未受影響的、未改變的

多益閱讀常見考法延伸

tariff 的變形

  • duty
  • levy
  • import tax
  • trade barrier

多益閱讀常用情境:Due to higher import duties, the company adjusted its pricing strategy.

exceed authority 的變形

  • overstep legal boundaries
  • go beyond one’s jurisdiction
  • act outside authorized limits

這些都是多益同義替換陷阱。

impose 的變形

新聞寫:impose tariffs

多益可能寫:

  • implement tariffs
  • introduce tariffs
  • enforce new charges

effective immediately 的常考變化

多益最愛改成:

  • with immediate effect
  • starting immediately
    effective as of today

如果你只會背固定片語,很容易選錯答案。

 

多益閱讀測驗模擬考題

The company announced on Monday that it will implement a new global shipping policy starting next month. All international orders will be subject to an additional handling fee due to increased logistics costs.

The CEO stated that the new policy is effective immediately for orders placed after June 1. Employees are advised to inform customers about the upcoming changes and update the company website accordingly.

The administration emphasized that this policy aims to maintain timely delivery and ensure quality service despite rising operational costs.

1.The word subject in “All international orders will be subject to an additional handling fee” means:

(A) Required to undergo

(B) Free from

(C) Optional for

(D) Exempt from

中文解析:

片語 subject to 在商務或公告英文中常用,表示「受…約束、受到…影響或必須經歷」。句子中 “All international orders will be subject to an additional handling fee” 的意思是「所有國際訂單都需支付額外手續費」,因此正確答案是(A) Required to undergo / 必須經歷或受到。

(B) Free from → 免於,不符合句意

(C) Optional for → 可選擇的,不符合句意

(D) Exempt from → 豁免,不需負擔,也不符句意

 

2.In the context of the passage, effective immediately means:

(A) The policy will take effect after several weeks

(B) The policy is implemented right away for applicable orders

(C) The policy is optional for employees

(D) The policy has been postponed

中文解析:

句子中 “The CEO stated that the new policy is effective immediately for orders placed after June 1” 的意思是:「對6月1日之後下的訂單,這項新政策立即生效」,因此正確答案是(B)

(A) 錯,幾週後才生效 → 與立即生效相反

(C) 錯,政策不是員工可選擇的

(D) 錯,政策並沒有延後

 

3.When will the new global shipping policy officially start?

(A) June 1

(B) Next month

(C) Immediately for all orders

(D) Monday

中文解析:

文中提到“The company announced on Monday that it will implement a new global shipping policy starting next month.”starting next month 表示「從下個月開始」,也就是政策正式生效的時間,因此正確答案是(B) Next month

(A) June 1 → 是針對訂單的生效日,不是政策正式開始的時間

(C) Immediately for all orders → 錯誤,政策不是對所有訂單立即生效

(D) Monday → 錯誤,只是公告發布日

 

4.What is the main purpose of the passage?

(A) To announce a new global shipping policy and explain its implementation

(B) To report rising logistics costs worldwide

(C) To instruct employees to reduce operational costs

(D) To advertise new products

中文解析:

文章的主要目的是 公司公告新的全球運送政策,並說明其執行方式,因此正確答案是(A)

(B) 錯誤,雖提到物流成本上升,但文章重點不是報導成本,而是公告政策

(C) 錯誤,員工只是執行政策通知,文章不是教員工如何降低成本

(D) 錯誤,文章沒有提及新產品,也不是廣告

 

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